Remarkable European Experiments with Atmospheric Voltage Electrical Discharges with Potentials as High as 3,000,000 Volts
关于三个德国研究员的文章，他试验从空气中获得电能，方法和系统以及如何测量电放电。
The above scene shows the remarkable electrical effect which frequently occurs in the Als mountains, where three young German scientists are endeavoring to extract tremendous electrical discharges from the atmosphere. The idea behind these experiments is that man may find a way to disintegrate the atom, and thus unlock a tremendous new source of energy.
本杰明富兰克林，在全世界的一个世纪之后，在全世界的时候发射了电气工程师和实验者的想象力，当时他通过他的风筝展示了一个不朽的一天，这种照明是一种自然的电气现象。每个学生或电气马拉都是在某种程度上或其他人梦想利用诸如地球周围的大气中存在的巨大电荷。几个科学家在试图利用闪电形式的情况下丧生，同时损失了生命。今年夏天，今年夏天，三位年轻的德国科学家，A. Brasch，F. Lange和C.柏林大学城市，并得到了如何保护自己的最新科学信息，将试图衡量和绘制大气放电高于阿尔卑斯山。
These daring young scientists found in last summer’s experiments that electrical sparks of great intensity and accompanied with a roar like that of huge cannon, jumped the gap of their apparatas repeatedly, even when no electrical storms were in the vicinity. On several occasions electrical sparks jumped the large gap on an average of one every second for thirty minutes, and these discharges averaged two million volts. A beautiful corona of bluish-green color played around the cable and wire net at night. The cable and net were suspended across the valley between two peaks in the Alps, as the accompanying pictures show. This corona had all the appearances of the Aurora Borealis, that most magnificent electrical display observable in the arctic regions particularly.
In last year’s experiments, the three scientists measured atmospheric discharges having potentials as high as 2,600,000 volts, when the summer electrical stoms were practically over; it is hoped this year within the improved apparatus to measure potentials up to ten or more million volts. I t is known that potentials of from 5,000,000 up to 30,000,000 volts passes to earth from an elevation of 250 ft., and these students of natural electrical phenomena have found a very desirable location in the Alps, where they can suspend between one mountain and adjacent one, a strong iron cable having a length of about 2,000 ft. This cable is about 250 feet above the intervening valley, and from it these daring engineers have suspended a coarsely woven wire net, which serves as an electrical capacity to gather the electricity from the atmosphere. As shown in the pictures, the wire net is supplied with numerous sharp points to aid in collecting the current form the air.
作为去年使用实际装置和电线电缆的伴随的照片清楚地表明，提供了可调节的火花隙。通过将该火花隙调节到各种长度，可以判断出放电的电压，以便在任何时刻跨越间隙。F. W. PEEK先生，JR.，高电压测量领域的知名美国工人与其他工程师一起提供了针对各种长度的针线和球形火花间隙的表格数据和曲线。作为所附图之一的示出，在使用一定长度的间隙时计算电压是一个简单的问题。工程师首先检查图表上的间隙的长度;然后，他从间隙长度水平地跟随到与图表上的角线相交的位置;从交叉点来看，他向下看向给出电压的地方。对于针头火花隙测量，图表上的特性曲线实际上是直线，而对于球体间隙与间隙长度的特性曲线是曲线。借助于火花隙方法对高电压测量感兴趣的人可以找到电压间隙表和电荷标准化规则美国电气工程师研究所。根据PEEK先生的研究，大气放电的电压脚约为100,000，而在实验室测量中，具有A.C的实验室测量。变压器高潜力放电，发现每足火的平均电压为约150,000伏。闪电闪光灯的电压可能很容易是100,000,000伏，因为Peek先生在他的一个科学论文中引起了指引。
为什么正在制作实验
One of the main reasons why these dangerous experiments are being carried on by the three young German scientists, whose names we have already learned, is because science believes that with a sufficiently hight voltage, it will be possible for man to disintegrate the atom, and in this way make available a tremendous source of power as yet untapped. These experts have calculated that they will be able to obtain electrical energy in sufficient quantity from one of these powerful atmospheric discharges, to equal the Alpha rays obtained from 220 pounds of radium. As we have monitored before, these experiments are of course fraught with great danger, and for that reason the experimenters seek refuge in a special lightning-proof hut, which is located about 600 ft. from the spark gap. When electrical storms are in the vicinity, it is especially important that the scientist keep within their protected fortress, for otherwise they would very probably be killed by a stray electrical discharge.
关于这一整行实验的特殊事物之一是，平均行业者可能会实现MOT，即在晴天中存在高电气应力，以及当雷电的架空上。这一事实已知已知一百年多，多年来，通过Scientifica调查人员观察并测量了增加了海拔高度的各种电势的测量。有许多不同的方式可以测量大气中发现的这些高电位：其中一种方法涉及使用校准的火花隙。在这种情况下，间隙被设定为预定长度，并且当放电跳跃这种间隙时，工程师当然知道从先前的经验和测量，就在存在的电压。另一种测量额外高电位的方法，例如这里，需要使用静态伏特仪，该静电仪涉及使用静止和可移动或旋转的金属板组，迫使连接器的冷凝器。。对于高于2,000的电压，静态电压表已在许多美国中央站中使用，并且它们具有许多所需和有用的特性。当然随着要测量的电压增加，象限形状的固定式和可移动板之间的空间增加，反之亦然。从2,000以下电压的静电场不足以保证使用静态电压表。测量高电位的另一种方法涉及使用所谓的真空管电压表。
通过最新的科学仪器之一测量并记录了大气放电的一般特性，包括闪电，并记录作为阴极射线示波器。通过这种非常出色的高压科学仪器，PEEK先生，普通的一般电气公司的研究工程师之一，这使得有一些非常有趣和有关自然电气排放性质的非常有趣和显着的发现，特别是雷电放电。许多人可能会想知道为什么Peek先生和他的一些同事在工程专业中，包括三名大胆的德国学生，Messrs，Brasch，Lange和Urban，与如此危险的电气放电一起玩，以及他们对他们都感兴趣。我们以前解释了为什么他们的德语是想出所有这些都可以从大气中获得的所有巨大电压，而Peek先生则可能会说，也有一个非常实际的原因，培养了这些雷神的这些死亡螺栓的实验。Peek先生一直在多年的意图发现，发现巨大的绝缘体在长距离，高潜在的传输线在这些区域上松散地破坏时，可以打破巨大的绝缘体。
